Psychology is a vast subject. The number of people who opt for careers in psychology is increasing day by day. There are many branches in the field of psychology. These include industrial and organizational psychology, criminal psychology, and the like. The branch of industrial and organizational psychology is known by different names including work psychology, occupational psychology, talent assessment or personnel psychology, industrial psychology, work and organizational psychology, organizational psychology, and many more. This field of psychology is best utilized in workplaces and organizations as the name suggests. The organizations and workplaces which come under this branch include non-profit organizations, for-profit businesses, government agencies, universities, colleges, graduate as well as professional school programs, and so on.
The psychologists working in this field contribute greatly to the success of the organization by bringing about improvement in the performance as well as by taking care of well-being of the employees. In fact, an industrial-organizational psychologist conducts extensive research on how to improve the attitude and the behaviour of employees by way of training programs, hiring practices, feedback systems, etc. As far as the academic field is concerned, the psychologist undertakes research on topics like how to improve the admission system, academic achievement, learning outcomes, completion of degrees, the methods employed in teaching and assessment, etc.
According to Guin, this field of psychology refers to the scientific study of relationship between man and his workplace or world of work. The industrial psychologists are given training in the “scientist-practitioner” model. Through this training model, the industrial psychologists learn the application of scientific principles as well as of research-based designs for generation of further knowledge. The workplace requirements of the clients are addressed in this way.
The industrial psychologists become researchers, professors, consultants, and so on. They are also employed in different organizations as part of the human resource department. Here they get actively involved in the initiatives concerning hiring of staff. They are also responsible for organizational development. These psychologists employ a wide range of techniques to conduct organizational research. There are various study-designs used by the industrial psychologists. These include experiments, surveys, quasi-experiments, observational studies, and the like. A number of data sources are used by these people like the historical database, human judgements, objective measures used in work performance, questionnaires, and so on. In fact, these psychologists use both qualitative and quantitative methods of research. The qualitative methods used in industrial psychology comprise of focus groups, content analysis, case studies, interviews, and other observational methods. The quantitative methods include descriptive statistics as well as inferential statistics.
There are different sources on the net offering information regarding organizational psychology. It is at the discretion of the user to utilize information from the most reliable of sources. Comparison of different sources is also a good option to get the best results.
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